Currently, the search for the real cause of infertility has to be led by a multidisciplinary team which, one way or other, intervenes in the study of the infertile couple.

Assessment must be complete, as several causes responsible for infertility coexist in some specific cases. Analysis of one only factor may not provide all the information needed for diagnosis.

This series of diagnostic tests is part of an established protocol, so that once they are finished the specialist can inform the couple about their particular situation, the possibility of achieving a pregnancy and the best treatment to follow.

Seminogram:
This is the study of the semen with regard to physical chemical characteristics

The following are considered to be normal Seminogram values:

Concentration: 20 millions per ml or a total of 40 millions.

Mobility: 50% of spermatozoids with progressive mobility.

Morphology: 30% normal forms according to the WHO or 15 % according to strict criteria of Kruger - for us this is the best prognosis value.

It is also very important to carry out the evaluation of the SELECTION TEST.

This test consists of making the spermatozoids pass through layers of a very dense substance, at different concentrations, by centrifuging. In this way we manage to separate the mobile spermatozoids from the rest of the ejaculate, and at the same time we improve the mobility. The final concentration of spermatozoids with a better mobility is that which indicates the ideal technique to be used in each case.

The study of spermatozoids in some cases with :

Seminograms with great alterations.

Repeated miscarriages.

Implantation failures.

Low fecundation rate with treatments in vitro.

Altered karyotype.

It is advisable to go deeper into the study, since in recent years it has been possible to confirm that many cases of masculine infertility are linked to genetic factors. This means that the spermatozoids are altered in their structure or in their chromosomal complement.

The FISH (Fluorescent Hybridization In Situ) technique applied to the spermatozoids allows the identification of chromosomal alterations which could be the cause of infertility and/or of the inefficiency of the assisted reproduction techniques. The most frequently altered chromosomes found through this technique are 13, 18, 21, X and Y.